Feeling Unwell? Know When to see a General Practitioner (GP)!

Influenza primarily affects the upper respiratory tract and presents with a range of symptoms, including a cough, fever, chills, muscle aches and feeling of tiredness. In some cases, individuals may also experience a sore throat, which can occur with or without phlegm. These symptoms can vary in severity but generally reflect the body's response to the viral infection.

Typically, these symptoms resolve within 5 to 7 days. Most cases can be managed symptomatically with rest, adequate fluids, and over-the-counter medications. Paracetamol can be used to reduce fever, while antihistamines with decongestants like pseudoephedrine can alleviate congestion. If you have a dry or productive cough, anti-tussive medications can be useful, and lozenges can soothe a sore throat.

In most cases, antibiotics are unnecessary if the illness has been present for only a few days. Antiviral medications are generally not required unless the patient is pregnant, elderly (aged 65 years old and above), or has underlying comorbidities such as diabetes, asthma or chronic kidney disease.

While many flu symptoms resolve on their own, it’s important to be aware of warning signs that may indicate a need for more urgent medical care. Common "red flags" to watch for include dehydration, which can occur when high fever reduces fluid intake, making it difficult to manage the illness at home. Severe symptoms, such as shortness of breath, persistent tachycardia (high heart rate), or low blood pressure, may signal complications like sepsis and require immediate medical attention. Additionally, a cough lasting more than a week, especially when accompanied by a fever, could indicate a secondary infection, such as bronchitis or pneumonia.

Patients with a history of multiple clinic visits without resolution of symptoms should undergo further assessments, including a chest X-ray and blood tests.